Define the term rock (as it pertains to geology). The Definition of a Fundamental Element in Geology

The Definition of a Fundamental Element in Geology

Rock is an integral part of geology and is defined as a natural substance composed primarily of solid mineral matter that is found in various forms within the earth’s crust (Klein and Hurlbut, 2020). It is the foundation of the earth’s surface and is composed of a variety of different minerals, such as feldspar, quartz, and mica. Depending on its composition, rock can be categorized into three main groups: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic (Klein and Hurlbut, 2020). Igneous rock is formed from molten magma from volcanoes or within the Earth’s crust and is composed primarily of silica, aluminum oxide, and other minerals (Klein and Hurlbut, 2020). Sedimentary rock is formed from the compression of sediment particles and is made up of sand, clay, and other particles (Mason, 2019). Metamorphic rock is formed when existing rock is exposed to extreme heat and pressure, changing its composition and creating foliation (Mason, 2019).Rock can be further classified based on its composition and origin. Rocks can also be classified based on their physical characteristics, such as color… Cont…