explain the DNS protocol and how to configure it using the BIND application on Linux with at least 3 hardening recommendations. The DNS Protocol and Hardening Recommendations

DNS Protocol and Hardening Recommendations

The DNS Protocol and Hardening Recommendations   DNS is the Domain Name System, and it is a protocol used on the internet to link human-readable domain names with the numerical IP addresses computers use to communicate on the internet. BIND is an application for Linux that creates a DNS server to allow users to send requests. Administrators must make a DNS configuration file to configure BIND. This includes setting up resource records and zones.   You can take several steps to ensure that DNS is not compromised by hijacking or spoofing. Administrators should first turn ON DNSSEC (DNS Security Extensions). It provides an encrypted signature for DNS traffic, and validates received data throughout the network. Administrations should also stop recursive queries coming from other IP addresses. This will decrease malicious traffic. Third, administrators should periodically review the resolver log files to ensure the system hasn’t been hijacked. (Cutshall, 2018). Administrators can also impose restrictions on IP addresses to ensure that only authorized addresses have access to the DNS server. To further protect the servers, authentication mechanisms such as TSIG (Transaction Signatures) should be used (Aguero 2015).    When implemented these strategies can help increase DNS security, protect DNS from spoofing, and ensure data confidentiality.   References  Aguero, A., 2015. These are steps to implement DNSSEC and harden DNS Zones. [Online] Available at: https://www.petri.com/steps-for-hardening-dns-zones-and-implementing-dnss [Accessed 8 April 2021].  Cutshall, B., 2018. The Five Steps to Hardening DNS Servers. [Online] Available at: https://www.exempt.org/blog/entry/hardening-a-dns-server [Accessed 8 April 2021].Cont…