Which enzymes are involved in the Ub mediated proteolysis pathway? The Role of Enzymes in Ubiquitin-Mediated Proteolysis Pathway

The Role of Enzymes in Ubiquitin-Mediated Proteolysis Pathway

Ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis is a vital process in which proteins are tagged with ubiquitin and then routed to the proteasome for degradation. This pathway is mediated by several enzymes that act in a sequential manner to ensure that the proteins are degraded efficiently. Three major classes of enzymes are involved in this process, including E1, E2, and E3 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes. The first step of the pathway is carried out by the E1 enzyme, which activates and binds ubiquitin to an ATP molecule. Subsequently, the activated ubiquitin is transferred to an E2 enzyme that catalyzes the formation of an isopeptide bond between the activated ubiquitin and the target protein. The final step is mediated by an E3 enzyme, which facilitates the interaction between the ubiquitin and the target protein, thus completing the ubiquitination process. In recent years, the importance of these enzymes in the Ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis pathway has been further highlighted by studies in which mutations or deficiencies in E1, E2, and E3 enzymes have been linked to various diseases and disorders (Brot et al., 2016; Chen et al., 2021). Thus, it is clear that these enzymes play a critical role in the ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis process, and further research into their functions may help us to better understand various diseases and disorders. Cont…